£20 Government of the Chinese Republic 1922 dated Railway Equipment Bond - Peking–Suiyuan Railway - China

£20 8% Bond printed by J. Verschueren, Anvers, Bruxelles. Large size with several coupons. Article relating to this Chinese item: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-08-29/trump-s-new-trade-war-weapon-might-just-be-antique-china-debt

Operation Chahar, referred to in Chinese as the Nankou Campaign, took place in August 1937, shortly after the Battle of Beiping-Tianjin at the onset of the Second Sino-Japanese War. This operation marked the second offensive by the Kwantung Army and the Inner Mongolian Army led by Prince Demchugdongrub against Inner Mongolia, following the unsuccessful Suiyuan Campaign. The Chahar Expeditionary Force was directly commanded by General Hideki T?j?, who served as the chief of staff of the Kwantung Army. Additionally, a second contingent from the Beiping Railway Garrison Force, which later became the 1st Army under General Kiyoshi Katsuki, participated in the operation.

After the fall of Beiping, Tang Enbo's 13th Army, consisting of the 4th and 89th Divisions, established defensive positions along the Peking–Suiyuan Railway at Nankou, with additional placements further back at Juyongguan (Juyong Pass). Meanwhile, Gao's 17th Army positioned its 84th Division at Chihcheng, Yanqing, and Longguan to protect the flank of the 13th Army from the advancing Japanese troops in Chahar. The 21st Division was stationed in Huailai, situated on the railway behind Tang's forces. Concurrently, Zhao Chengshou's 1st Cavalry Army, along with Liu Ruming's 143rd Division and two Peace Preservation Brigades, initiated an offensive against the Mongolian forces in northern Chahar.