Phelps Dodge Corp. - Famous Mining Company Stock Certificate dated 1941-52

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Phelps Dodge Corporation, an American mining company founded in 1834, began as an import-export firm by Anson Greene Phelps and his two sons-in-law, William Earle Dodge, Sr., and Daniel James. Phelps, James & Co., the Liverpool-based division of the organization, initially exported United States cotton from the Deep South to England and imported various metals needed for industrialization in the US. As the western frontier expanded in North America, the corporation acquired mines and mining companies, including the Copper Queen Mine in Arizona and the Dawson, New Mexico coal mines. They also operated their own mines and acquired railroads to transport their products. By the late 19th century, the company had transformed into a prominent mining entity. On March 19, 2007, Phelps Dodge was acquired by Freeport-McMoRan, and it now operates under the name Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc.

Anson G. Phelps established a partnership in New York City in 1821 with Elisha Peck, a merchant who had been engaged in trade in Berlin, Connecticut. Peck relocated to Liverpool to oversee the British end of their import-export business, which shipped U.S.-grown cotton from the Deep South to England. The company also imported tin, iron, copper, and other essential metals for industrial growth and development in the United States. In 1834, Peck left the business and was succeeded in Liverpool by Daniel James, who remained there until his passing in 1876. This marked the beginning of the Phelps Dodge and Company.